Carpal tunnel syndrome refers to the symptoms and signs of sensory and motor dysfunction caused by any factor leading to compression of the ulnar nerve in the carpal tunnel, a bony fibrous canal on the ulnar side of the wrist. The carpal tunnel is also known as Guyon's canal, located on the ulnar side of the anterior wrist area, formed by the common carpal ligament and the distal part of the palmar carpal ligament. The canal contains the ulnar artery, ulnar vein, and ulnar nerve, and the ulnar nerve divides into deep and superficial branches within the canal, that is, motor branches and sensory branches. The superior orifice of the carpal tunnel is formed by the proximal margin of the pisiform bone, the palmar carpal ligament, and the transverse carpal ligament; the inferior orifice is formed by the palmar carpal ligament, the short palmar muscle and its fascia, the fibrocartilage of the pisohamate ligament, the ulnar flexor carpal tendon, and the tendons of the muscles of the hypothenar eminence.