The skin is divided into the epidermis and dermis. The epidermis is the superficial structure of the skin, composed of stratified squamous epithelial cells. It can be divided into five layers from the dermis to the surface, namely the dermis, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum. Let’s take a look at the analysis of the skin structure below, hoping it can help us.

The skin is mainly composed of the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue, and also contains accessory organs (sebaceous glands, sweat glands, nails, hair) as well as blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerves, and muscles.

One, the epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin, with an average thickness of 0.2mm. According to the different development stages and morphological characteristics of the cells, it can be divided into five layers from the outermost to the innermost: stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and dermis.

Two, the dermis comes from the mesoderm and is composed of fibers, matrices, and cells. The dermis papillae adjacent to the epidermis are called the papillary layer, also known as the superficial dermis; the layer below is called the reticular layer, also known as the deep dermis, and there is no strict boundary between the two.

Three, subcutaneous tissue comes from the mesoderm, located below the dermis, and is composed of loose connective tissue and adipose lobules. It is adjacent to the muscle membrane below. The thickness of the subcutaneous tissue varies with age, gender, location, and nutritional status. It has the functions of heat insulation, energy storage, and resistance to external impact.

Four, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerves, and muscles. Blood vessels: The epidermis has no blood vessels. The aorta enters the subcutaneous tissue and its branches ascend to the junction of the subcutaneous tissue and the dermis to form a superficial vascular network, providing nutrients to the hair papillae, sebaceous glands, nerves, and muscles. Lymphatic vessels assist the respiratory system and can block the invasion of microorganisms and foreign bodies.

Types of skin

Dry skin: Generally speaking, it is characterized by a lack of sebum and moisture in facial metabolism. The pores on the face of dry skin are not very prominent, and the skin is always in a relatively dry and fresh condition. However, during seasonal changes or in winter, the skin may appear abnormally dry.

It may even peel off, in which case, the skin is most prone to freckles, and it is not very smooth to the touch, which is what is known as dry skin.

Oily skin refers to an excess of sebum in facial metabolism, which causes the pores on the face to become enlarged and appear shiny. Sebum is easily deposited in the pores of the skin, but this type of skin usually does not peel and is not prone to freckles. However, oily skin is prone to acne, and people who are overweight are more likely to have oily skin.

Sensitive skin: It is very easy to suffer from infections, and the skin surface is relatively thin, making it susceptible to bacterial invasion. The skin is prone to allergic swelling and other symptoms when exposed to extreme cold or during seasonal changes, and it cannot withstand a gentle breeze, otherwise it may irritate the skin. Sensitive skin is considered one of the more difficult types to manage.