Levofloxacin Injection, the scope of application is for various diseases caused by relatively sensitive pathogenic bacteria that this product is applicable to. Many people are not well-informed about the shortcomings of such drugs. Follow the web editor to master many key points about levofloxacin injection. 　

药品相互影响 　

Drug interactions 　

1. This product should not be used in the same liquid infusion line as solutions containing polyvalent metal ions such as magnesium and calcium. 　

2. When used in combination with warfarin or its compounds, it is necessary to test the prothrombin time or other coagulation function tests. 　

3. When used in combination with non-steroidal analgesics, there is a possibility of causing twitching. 　

4. When used in combination with oral hypoglycemic agents, it may cause hypoglycemia, so blood glucose levels should be monitored during the entire medication process. If hypoglycemia occurs, this product should be discontinued immediately, and appropriate treatment should be provided. 　

Drug overdose 　

When there is an excess of quinolone drugs, the following symptoms may occur: nausea, vomiting, stomachache, heartburn, diarrhea, dry mouth, stomatitis, gait unsteadiness, dizziness, headache, general fatigue, discomfort, chills, fever, extrapyramidal symptoms, excitement, hallucinations, twitching, delirium, thalamic ataxia, increased intracranial pressure (headache, vomiting, hemorrhagic papillary disease), metabolic acidosis due to hypercapnia, increased blood glucose, increased GOT/GPT/AL-P, decreased leukocytes, increased eosinophils, low platelets, hemolytic anemia, hematuria, cartilage/joint obstruction, cataracts, visual impairment, color vision abnormalities, and diplopia. 　

Emergency measures and antidotes: 　

(1) Intravenous drip (with liver-protecting drugs): For metabolic acidosis due to hypercapnia, administer sodium bicarbonate injection; for urinary deashing, administer sodium bicarbonate injection, to enhance the renal metabolic function of this product; 　

(2) Forced urinary excretion: Administer furosemide injection; 　

(3) Symptomatic treatment: Repeatedly inject stable intravenous injection during twitching. 　

Pharmacology and toxicology 　

1. Pharmacology: 　

This product is the levorotatory isomer of levofloxacin, with approximately twice the antibacterial specificity of levofloxacin. Its key mechanism of action is to inhibit the specificity of the bacterial DNA gyrase (bacterial topoisomerase II), blocking the replication of bacterial DNA. 　

This product has the characteristics of a broad antibacterial spectrum and strong antibacterial efficacy. It has a strong antibacterial specificity against most Enterobacteriaceae bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Serratia, Proteus, Shigella, Salmonella, Citricoccus, Acinetobacter, and its Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and other Gram-negative bacteria. It also has excellent antibacterial efficacy against some methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus hemolyticus infections, and Gram-positive bacteria such as Legionella, Chlamydia, and Mycoplasma, but has weaker efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus. 　

2. Toxicology: 　

(1) Acute toxicity: The LD50 for mice is 1,881 mg/kg, for rats is 1,478 mg/kg, and for monkeys is over 250 mg/kg. 　

(2) Subacute toxicity: After 4 weeks of oral administration to rats, no toxic effects related to drug administration were observed in the groups at doses of 50mg/kg and 200mg/kg. However, in the group at a dose of 800mg/kg, there was an increase in bone marrow M/E with a decrease in neutrophil count. Pathologically, there were slight transitory changes on the surface of the limb joints. After 4 weeks of oral administration to monkeys, there were no toxic effects at doses of 10mg/kg and 30mg/kg, but at a dose of 100mg/kg, there were symptoms such as drooling, diarrhea, slight weight loss, and a decrease in urine pH. 　

(3) Chronic toxicity: After 26 weeks of oral administration to rats, no toxic effects related to drug administration were observed at a dose of 20mg/kg, but at doses of 80mg/kg and 320mg/kg, there were symptoms such as drooling and low pH values in urine. At a dose of 320mg/kg, there was an increase in fecal output, and the goblet cells of the cecum mucosa showed swelling. After 26 weeks of oral administration to monkeys, there were no toxic effects at doses of 10mg/kg, 25mg/kg, and 62.5mg/kg. However, at a dose of 100mg/kg, there were symptoms such as drooling, diarrhea, slight weight loss, and a decrease in urine pH. 　

(4) Reproductive toxicity: Experiment of drug administration before and during pregnancy: When the drug is administered orally to rats up to a dose of 360mg/kg, it does not affect the reproductive ability of either males or females, nor does it affect the fetus. 　

(5) Drug administration experiment during the period of human organ development: When the drug is administered orally to rats up to a dose of 90mg/kg, there is no effect on the fetus and offspring. When the drug is administered orally to rabbits at a dose of 50mg/kg, there is no effect on the viability of the test tube embryo, the fetus, or the slow growth and development of the fetus, nor is there any effect on fetal malformation. 　

(6) Drug administration experiment during perinatal and lactation periods: When the drug is administered orally to rats up to a dose of 360mg/kg, there is no effect on the delivery, lactation, and offspring of the female animals. 　

(7) Influence on articular cartilage: When the drug is administered orally for 7 days to young adult white rats (3-4 weeks old) and hares (4 months old), articular cartilage disease appears in rats at a dose of more than 300mg/kg and in hares at a dose of more than 10mg/kg. In young adult hares, it is easy to detect the toxic effects on the joints. When the drug is administered orally for 7 days to young adult dogs (13 months old), there is a very slight toxic effect on the joints at a dose of 40mg/kg. However, when the adult dogs are intravenously injected (14 days) at a dose of 30mg/kg, there is no toxic effect on the joints. 　

(8) Phototoxicity experiment: When using direct long-wavelength ultraviolet light (320-400nm) as the indicator for the change in the thickness of the ear轮 of white mice, there is no significant change when the drug is administered orally at a dose of 200mg/kg.