After obtaining the blood glucose test report, if you can understand the various data on the test report, it is not only beneficial for you to understand your condition in the first time, but also has a guiding significance for treatment. For many patients, the most headache may be not understanding the various symbols on the test report. Even if the doctor explains it, it is still not completely understood. Today, let’s learn about these blood sugar markers together.

The normal value of blood lipids refers to various indicators such as total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density protein, low-density protein, etc., which are all within the healthy index range and can be used as a standard to determine whether a person has hyperlipidemia.

One blood sugar marker expertise

1 Total cholesterol TC

1) Reference values

Suitable level: ≤5.17 mmol/L (200 mg/dL)

Critical value range: 5.20～5.66 mmol/L (201～219 mg/dL)

Increase: ≥5.69 mmol/L (220 mg/dL)

2) The significance of indicators

Increase: Commonly seen in various types of hyperproteinuria, obstructive jaundice, nephrotic syndrome, normal thyroid hormone levels, chronic renal failure, diabetes, etc. It is very easy to cause atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, etc.

Decrease: This can be seen in various protein deficiency conditions, liver cirrhosis, malignant tumors, poor digestion and absorption of nutrients, megaloblastic anemia, etc. It can also decrease during the woman’s menstrual period.

2 Triglycerides TG

1) Reference values

Suitable level: <1.69 mmol/L (150 mg/dL)

Critical value range: 1.69～2.25 mmol/L (150～200 mg/dL)

Increase: 2.26～5.63 mmol/L (200～500 mg/dL)

Extremely high: ≥5.64 mmol/L (500 mg/dL)

2) The significance of indicators

Increase: Commonly seen in various types of hyperproteinuria, diabetes, gout, obstructive jaundice, normal thyroid hormone levels, pancreatitis, etc. Triglycerides are also a risk factor for coronary heart disease. When triglycerides increase, dietary control or medication treatment should be given.

Decrease: Commonly seen in low proteinuria, poor digestion and absorption of nutrients, hyperthyroidism, and can also be seen in excessive fasting, physical exercise, etc.

High-density protein cholesterol (HDL-C)

1) Reference values

Suitable Level: 1.04 mmol/L (40 mg/dL)

Decrease: 0.91 mmol/L (35 mg/dL)

2) The significance of indicators

Increase: Chronic hepatitis, toxic manifestations, long-term aerobic metabolism, etc.

Decrease: Coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia, liver cirrhosis, diabetes, chronic renal insufficiency, etc.

4 Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)

1) Reference values

Normal level: ≤3.10 mmol/L (120 mg/dL)

Marginal increase: 3.13-3.59 mmol/L (121-139 mg/dL)

Increase: ≥3.62 mmol/L (140 mg/dL)

2) The significance of indicators

Increase: This may be seen in patients with hereditary proteinuria, hypothyroidism, nephrotic syndrome, obstructive jaundice, chronic renal failure, Cushing’s syndrome, etc.

Decrease: This may be seen in patients with no β-proteinuria, hyperthyroidism, poor digestion, liver cirrhosis, malignant tumors, etc.

Symptoms of blood lipid abnormalities

When the above values on the blood glucose test report exceed the normal range, first determine whether the pre-test preparation for blood lipid tests was strictly followed, and then eliminate the factors of seasonal changes and personal conditions. Finally, obtain accurate results from the blood glucose test report. The following conditions are relatively common:

An increase in triglycerides in blood (blood cells) is prone to hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, diabetes, nephrotic syndrome, primary hypertriglyceridemia, and other conditions.

An increase in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in blood (blood cells) may lead to coronary heart disease and stroke caused by atherosclerosis.

An increase in total cholesterol (blood cells) is likely to cause spontaneous hypercholesterolemia, common bile duct obstruction, nephrotic syndrome, atherosclerosis of the aorta, diabetes, familial hyperlipidemia, and other conditions.

High levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, decreased apolipoprotein A1, increased apolipoprotein B, may lead to proteinuria and other abnormal proteinuria. A decrease in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is also prone to coronary heart disease.

Precautions for blood lipid tests

Start not eating anything from 8 pm the night before blood collection, but small amounts of water can be consumed.

Morning blood collection should be done at 8-10 am the next day after an overnight fast of 12-14 hours, with only small amounts of water allowed in the morning.

Maintain a normal diet structure for two weeks before blood collection. Avoid high-fat foods, do not drink alcohol, and do not engage in strenuous exercise the day before blood collection.

Ensure that there have been no acute diseases, injuries, or surgical operations in the past three months that may cause unexpected situations.

It is best to stop using drugs that affect blood sugar for 2-4 weeks before blood collection, such as blood sugar regulating drugs, some antihypertensive drugs, emergency contraception, and growth hormones.

Summary

In summary, cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels are the four key items in blood lipid tests. They are also the four items regularly maintained for blood lipid management. During the examination, follow the doctor’s instructions. If there are abnormal blood lipid conditions in the test results, do not worry, carefully analyze the causes, and implement the medication and lifestyle recommendations given by the doctor.