VAP is the most common and important type of hospital-acquired pneumonia, and also one of the most common complications of mechanical ventilation treatment, with a mortality rate 2-10 times higher than that of the general population. So, what are the preventive measures for anesthesia-related pneumonia? Below is an introduction to the preventive measures for anesthesia-related pneumonia.

What are the preventive measures for anesthesia-related pneumonia?

Preventive measures:

1. ICU management, patients in ICU have decreased immunity and weak resistance to many pathogens, so ICU should maintain fresh air, humidity, and standardized areas, and implement laminar air purification.

2. Enhance the safety awareness of medical staff and improve the principles of aseptic operation: Medical staff should implement strict personnel flow control in ICU, all staff entering the ICU must change clothes and shoes, wear masks and hats, and pay attention to hand hygiene. In case of contact with patients, disposable gloves should be worn to prevent cross-infection between patients.

3. Management methods for the respiratory system:

(1) Management methods for bronchial tube cuff, to avoid rigidity in artificial airways, and also to achieve effective airtightness, avoiding the backflow of respiratory and gastric contents into the human organs, reducing the occurrence of VAP and ensuring no air leakage during mechanical ventilation. (2) Management methods for anesthesia machines, immediate disinfection and sterilization of anesthesia machine management methods, research shows that changing the anesthesia machine management methods once every 7 days can reasonably reduce the incidence of VAP and reduce medical expenses. (3) Bacterial control for patients with mechanical ventilation, to grasp the condition of such patients, grasp the environmental pollution of the pipeline system and the change of bacteria, and reasonably formulate effective prevention and treatment plans. (4) Rational gastroenteric decompression to maintain the smoothness of the respiratory system and ensure the actual effect of mechanical ventilation. (5) Humidification of the respiratory system, improving respiratory system humidification is one of the key strategies to ensure the smoothness of the respiratory system and prevent respiratory system infection.

4. Posture care: The bed can be raised 30°-40° to adopt a semi-recumbent position for patients, which is beneficial to reduce the stay of gastric contents, promote digestion, and reasonably reduce or prevent reflux and aspiration.

5. Nutritional and dietary nursing can enhance immunity.

6. Oral health care to reduce the reproduction of bacteria in the oral cavity.

7. Moderately remove invasive equipment and devices, and try to reduce the time of ventilation as much as possible.

8. Interference with personal behavior and psychological state to enhance the confidence of patients in recovery.