Can be complicated by diseases such as pressure sores, limb blood circulation disorders, and limb ischemic contracture.
1Decubitus ulcers:Also known as pressure sores, it is caused by long-term pressure on a local part of the body, which obstructs blood circulation, leading to skin and subcutaneous tissue ischemia and the occurrence of blisters, ulcers, or gangrene.
Decubitus ulcers are more common in paraplegic patients. Other diseases also occur. The common sites are the sacrum, ischial tuberosity, greater trochanter of the femur, and other locations, followed by the calcaneus, occipital bone, preacetabular spine, and medial and lateral malleoli. The formation process is divided into three stages: erythema stage, blister stage, and ulcer stage.
2Ischemic contracture:Rarely seen, but once it occurs, it can cause serious consequences. Therefore, it is a serious complication of limb trauma. Severe displaced fractures, large hematomas, tight casts or splints can all cause this condition. After the limb is injured, due to the injury or mechanical compression of the brachial artery, the artery and collateral circulation occur spasm. The spasm causes severe obstruction of blood circulation in the lower limbs, leading to the occurrence of this condition. The symptoms of limb distal ischemia, such as severe pain, swelling, changes in skin color, weak or inability to move fingers (toes), dullness of sensation, weakened or absent pulse, and whether passive movement of the fingers (toes) causes pain. Difficulty breathing, patients often wake up from deep sleep with a feeling of suffocation, forced to sit up, frequent coughing, and severe difficulty breathing; coughing and hemoptysis; may have fatigue, insomnia, palpitations, and other symptoms. The upper abdomen is full, often accompanied by loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, and upper abdominal pain; jugular vein distension; depression edema; varying degrees of cyanosis; symptoms such as over-sensitive nerves, insomnia, drowsiness, and others; cardiac signs: mainly the original contracture. It can coexist with ischemic contracture clinical manifestations, or be mainly ischemic contracture clinical manifestations. Isolated ischemic contracture is less common. The occurrence of total ischemic contracture due to secondary ischemic contracture after ischemic contracture, and the occurrence of total ischemic contracture due to severe widespread myocardial disease affecting the heart at the same time, is more common in clinical practice.