Congenital distal radioulnar joint subluxation

　　Congenital distal radioulnar joint subluxation is caused by the growth disorder of the distal radial epiphysis, mainly the medial 1/3 epiphysis, which results in the shortening of the radius due to slow growth and early closure, causing the distal radioulnar joint to subluxate gradually towards the palm side, and the hand to deviate towards the palm side and ulnar side. Since the ulna still grows in a straight line, the distal end of the ulna protrudes under the skin, while the distal end of the radius is relatively shortened.

　　Children with congenital distal radioulnar joint subluxation should strengthen functional exercises or use braces to protect against further deformity. For those with mild deformity, pain, and minimal functional impairment, no treatment is necessary. This condition generally does not lead to serious diseases and symptoms.

　　Congenital distal radioulnar joint subluxation is more common in women. Symptoms appear during the growth period, and the deformity becomes more severe with age, and local pain will also increase. The typical deformity is that the ulnar styloid process protrudes on the dorsal and ulnar sides of the wrist, and is on the same plane or longer than the radial styloid process. The wrist joint moves towards the palm side and radial side, with limited movement, especially in extension and ulnar deviation. The rotational function of the forearm can be limited to varying degrees, but the posterior rotation function is more severely limited.

　　Congenital distal radioulnar joint subluxation belongs to congenital malformation. The prevention of congenital malformation is divided into the following aspects:

　　1. Pregnant women should avoid fever and colds in the early stages of pregnancy. High fever causing fetal malformation is also related to the sensitivity of pregnant women to high fever and other factors.

　　2. Pregnant women should avoid getting close to cats and dogs. Infected cats are also a major source of infectious diseases that can cause fetal malformation.

　　3. Pregnant women should avoid wearing heavy makeup every day. Toxic substances such as arsenic, lead, and mercury in cosmetics can affect the normal development of the fetus.

　　4. Pregnant women should avoid emotional stress during pregnancy. When pregnant women are emotionally stressed, adrenal cortical hormones may hinder the integration of embryonic tissue. If it occurs in the first three months of pregnancy, it may cause fetal malformation.

　　5. Pregnant women should avoid drinking alcohol. Alcohol can pass through the placenta to harm the developing fetus severely.

　　In the X-ray film of patients with congenital distal radioulnar joint subluxation, the styloid process of the ulna is lower than that of the radius, and the entire carpal bones move towards the ulnar side. The rounded top is in the shape of a peak, with the lunate bone at the top. The entire row of carpal bones moves towards the ulnar side.

　　Patients with congenital distal radioulnar joint subluxation should enhance nutrition, eat more protein-rich foods such as fish, eggs, soy products, etc. Drink more water, eat more vegetables and fruits. In addition, patients should also pay attention to avoiding spicy and刺激性 foods, and avoiding smoking and drinking.

　　For congenital distal radioulnar joint subluxation, if the deformity is mild, the pain and functional impairment are not significant, no treatment is necessary. Children with growth during the growth period should strengthen functional exercise or use supports for protection to prevent further development of deformity. Orthopedic surgery should be performed after the growth plate stops growing and the deformity is formed.