Ankle joint dislocation

　　When the ankle joint is in plantar flexion, the lower leg suddenly receives a strong forward impact force, which can cause the posterior dislocation of the ankle joint. The specific mechanisms of various dislocations are as follows:

　　1. Posterior dislocation of the ankle joint

　　Due to the anterior width and posterior narrowness of the ankle trochlea, when the ankle joint is in plantar flexion, the lower leg suddenly suffers a strong forward impact force. The anterior ligaments of the ankle joint are relatively weak, and there is no protection like the Achilles tendon, causing the talus to dislocate to the posterior side of the ankle trochlea. This posterior dislocation may be accompanied by a fracture of one or both ankles, or a posterior lip fracture of the tibia. In a very few cases, there is no fracture, only ligament tears. It can be seen that the medial and lateral malleoli appear to separate due to the strong dislocation of the talus.

　　2. Ankle anterior dislocation

　　When the foot is in a strong dorsiflexion position, if it falls from a height and the heel lands, it can cause a fracture of the anterior lip of the distal tibia, the talus bone to slide forward, and form an anterior dislocation. Since this kind of injury posture is not common in daily life, such dislocation is rare.

　　3. Ankle superior dislocation

　　Under compressive injury, the inferior tibiofibular joint is separated, and the talus bone is projected upwards into the space between the tibia and fibula. Such dislocation is rare and often accompanied by comminuted fractures of the distal end of the tibia and fractures of the fibula.

　　Ankle dislocation often complicates with fractures of the medial and lateral malleoli and the anterior and posterior lips of the distal tibia. Imaging examination shows that the diagnosis of ankle dislocation is not difficult, and routine X-ray films can easily confirm the above diagnosis. Special examinations such as CT and scanning are easy to detect minor fractures that exist concurrently. When the ankle is in plantar flexion and the lower leg is suddenly subjected to a strong forward impact, it can cause posterior dislocation of the ankle joint. When the ankle is in dorsiflexion and falls from a height, the heel lands, it can cause anterior dislocation of the ankle joint. When compressive injury causes separation of the inferior tibiofibular joint, it can cause superior dislocation of the ankle joint.

　　To prevent ankle dislocation, it is first necessary to improve one's own immunity. Strengthen physical exercise to improve physical immunity. It is necessary to take protective measures for the feet during activities, and to do preparatory exercises before intense exercise. Strengthen the sense of prevention, and in daily life, if there are abnormal symptoms in the feet, it is necessary to go to a regular hospital for diagnosis and treatment in time to avoid delaying the disease. Strengthen health education and publicity, use various media to promote the etiology, harm, and prevention of such diseases through popular science education and publicity, such as avoiding running on uneven roads in high-heeled or pointed-toe shoes, paying attention to safety in production and life, etc.

　　Ankle dislocation requires physical examination and imaging examination, but no related laboratory tests.

　　1. Physical examination

　　When examining, attention should be paid to the location of pain and tenderness points, the degree of swelling, and whether the joint is deformed. One hand should hold the upper end of the ankle joint and push it backward, while the other hand should hold the heel and pull it forward at the same time to check whether the range of motion has increased and compare it with the uninjured side. If it is only a slight sprain, continue to apply ice packs and apply compressive bandaging, and elevate the affected limb. If it is a more serious sprain, it should be sent to the hospital for treatment. In addition, it is also necessary to check the knee joint to exclude the possibility of rotational injuries of the fibula closest to the ankle joint and knee ligament injuries.

　　2. Imaging Examination

　　Routine X-ray imaging can easily confirm the above diagnosis; special examinations such as CT and scanning are easy to detect minor fractures that coexist.

　　If the amount of activity is large and attention is not paid to protecting the joints, or external impact injury, it can very easily lead to the occurrence of joint dislocation. After joint dislocation occurs, attention should be paid to protecting the joint, and professional doctors should perform professional manipulation for reduction. In addition, some food therapy methods should be coordinated.

　　1. Pork Liver Stir-fried Radix Polygonum Multiflorum

　　Composition: 250 grams of pork liver, 10 grams of fresh Radix Polygonum Multiflorum.

　　Usage: Clean the pork liver, cut into thin slices. Clean the fresh Radix Polygonum Multiflorum, cut into slices. Heat oil in a pan, stir-fry the pork liver slices and fresh Radix Polygonum Multiflorum until they are cooked, add a little yellow wine and refined salt, etc., and eat in portions.

　　Effects: Nourishing blood and Yin to stop dizziness.

　　Indications: Late joint dislocation reduction, accompanied by joint softness and blurred vision.

　　2. Cow's Hoof Tendon芷 Soup

　　Composition: 100 grams of cow's hoof tendons, 20 grams of芷.

　　Usage: Clean the cow's hoof tendons, cut into small pieces, clean the芷, wrap it with gauze. Place the cow's hoof tendons and芷 in a pot, add 1000 milliliters of clear water, boil for 3 minutes over high heat, remove the foam, add yellow wine, ginger, scallion, refined salt, etc., and simmer for 30 minutes over low heat. Eat in portions, and take for 10-20 days consecutively.

　　Effects: Strengthening tendons and bones, benefiting joints.

　　Indications: Late joint dislocation reduction, joint stiffness, waist and knee weakness.

　　The treatment of joint dislocation is mainly divided into three steps:

　　1. Reduction

　　Manual reduction is the main method, and the earlier the reduction, the easier and better the effect. However, it should be performed by experienced specialist doctors.

　　2. Immobilization

　　After reduction, the joint is fixed in a stable position, allowing the injured joint capsule, ligaments, and muscles to repair and heal. The fixation time is 2-3 weeks.

　　3. Functional Exercise

　　During the period of immobilization, it is necessary to perform frequent contraction and relaxation exercises around the joints of the affected limb and active movements of other joints of the affected limb to promote blood circulation, reduce swelling, and prevent muscle atrophy and joint stiffness.