Ketones in urine are a general term for three different components, namely toluene, acetoacetic acid, and β-hydroxybutyric acid, which are intermediate substances in fat metabolism.

Under normal circumstances, it is produced very little, and it cannot be detected by our current basic testing methods, so the overall determination test for ordinary people is negative. However, in the case of hunger, the inhibition of glycolysis caused by various reasons, the enhancement of lipolysis, and diabetic metabolic acidosis, due to the rate of ketone production exceeding the rate of tissue utilization, ketonemia may occur, leading to ketonuria.

Standard values:

Negative.

Clinical manifestations:

Urine ketone body determination test is often related to diabetes, pregnancy, malnutrition, chronic diseases.

Positive ketones may have the following conditions:

1. Diabetic patients, when diabetic metabolic acidosis occurs, may show strong positivity ( above), at this time, attention should be paid, as it is prone to produce diabetic ketoacidosis, and treatment measures should be taken immediately.

2. Severe vomiting, diarrhea, chronic malnutrition, hunger, excessive exercise.

3. Pregnant women may experience severe vomiting due to pregnancy reactions, eclampsia, digestive disorders, etc.

Standard values for routine urine examination

Standard values for items:

Urine analysis

SG specific gravity 1.010-1.025

PH pH 5-6

LEU leukocyte count neg

NIT nitrite neg

PRO protein neg

GLU glucose normol

KET ketone bodies neg

UBG urobilinogen norm

BIL bilirubin neg

ERY red blood cell neg

What does ‘urinary ketone body neg’ mean?

Urinary ketone bodies are one of the most common new examination items in the middle of urine. Many of us can see the display information in the result column when the urine ketone body result is in the middle. If it is not neg, it may be a minus sign, two minus signs, or even three minus signs. It is very easy to understand the meaning of a plus sign, which means that there are ketone bodies in the middle of the urine. Then what does neg represent? It means that it is negative, that is, there are no ketone bodies in the middle of the urine. The standard value of urinary ketone bodies is within the normal range, which is the meaning of urinary ketone body neg. In addition to observing urinary ketone bodies in the urine, we also need to pay attention to urinary sugar. If there is a minus sign with urinary ketone bodies, and a minus sign with urinary sugar, then it is necessary to be alert to the possibility of diabetic ketoacidosis.