External genital enterobiasis

　　First, the cause of the disease

　　Local and systemic symptoms caused by enterobiasis infection. The female worms lay eggs, causing severe pruritus around the anus and perineum, which affects sleep. Local skin may develop dermatitis and secondary infection due to scratching. Systemic symptoms manifest as gastrointestinal irritation, such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, anorexia, and may also include restlessness, night terrors, irritability, and other mental symptoms. Occasionally, the worms may crawl into the vagina or urethra, causing increased vaginal discharge and symptoms such as frequent urination and urgency.

　　二、发病机制

　　The length of the worm is 5-15mm, white and linear. The main pathogenesis is:

　　1. Mechanical stimulation. The female worm crawls out of the anus at night to lay eggs, and its head wings and tail alternate in adhering to the skin蠕动, causing itching around the perianal skin;

　　2. When the adult worm resides in the intestines, it causes mechanical damage to the intestinal wall with its head wings and mouthparts, causing gastrointestinal symptoms;

　　3. To seize nutrients.

　　These are local and systemic symptoms caused by enterobiasis infection. Due to the egg-laying activity of the female worm, the perianal and perineal skin is severely itchy, affecting sleep. Local skin may develop dermatitis and secondary infection due to scratching. Systemic symptoms are manifested as gastrointestinal irritation, such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, anorexia, and may also include restlessness, night terrors, irritability, and other mental symptoms. Occasionally, the worm may crawl into the vagina or urethra, causing increased vaginal discharge and symptoms such as frequent urination and urgency. The worm may occasionally penetrate other parts, causing enterobiasis vulvitis, vaginitis, salpingitis, appendicitis, and other diseases.

　　Pruritus around the perineum is the main symptom of the disease, and severe cases may have the following symptoms:

　　1. Local symptoms are mainly manifested as severe itching around the perineum and anus, or accompanied by a burning sensation, worse at night. Due to scratching, perianal and perineal skin may peel off, form blood crusts, sometimes become erythematous, exude erosion, or secondary infection. Long-term recurrence can lead to skin thickening and hyperpigmentation, forming eczema-like changes.

　　2. Gastrointestinal symptoms may occur, but they are relatively mild, such as decreased appetite, weight loss, etc.

　　3. Nervous and mental symptoms such as inattention, night terrors, nocturnal bruxism, insomnia, restlessness and anxiety may occur.

　　One, strengthen health propaganda

　　Wash hands before meals, frequently trim nails, children should not scratch the anus or suck their fingers, change underwear and bed sheets frequently, and boil the underwear that has been changed.

　　Two, a general survey should be conducted in children's collective units, and the children with the disease should be treated in a timely manner.

　　Three, integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine treatment

　　1. Use Western medicine internally and Chinese medicine externally locally.

　　2. Use Western medicine externally and Chinese medicine internally to kill parasites.

　　Four, prognosis

　　Generally, there is no adverse prognosis and it is curable. Enterobiasis is a kind of intestinal parasitic disease characterized by pruritus around the anus and perineum. It is widely prevalent in the world, with an infected population of 300 to 500 million. It is common in both southern and northern China, with a higher infection rate in children than in adults. Especially in collective institutions, the infection rate in children is high. Survey data from China shows that the infection rate in children reaches 40% to 70%. In families with poor hygiene conditions, many members often suffer from the disease simultaneously. Therefore, enterobiasis is a disease that deserves attention.

　　Find pinworm eggs in the stool examination. According to the characteristics of pinworm oviposition, use a cotton swab (or transparent tape swab, etc.) dipped in a suspicious substance at night around the anal or vulvar area for microscopic examination to find female worms or eggs. The female worm is 8-13 mm long, 0.3-0.5 mm wide, linear, with a long and pointed tail, which can reach one-third of the body length. The eggs are colorless and transparent, with a size of (56-60) μm × (20-30) μm, composed of isosceles triangular bodies, often showing bilateral asymmetry under a light microscope, one side flat, the other slightly convex, and the peripheral blood shows an increase in eosinophils.

　　1, Dietetic therapy for vulvar pinworm disease

　　1, Sunflower seeds eaten raw, about 50 grams each day, eaten for a week, can expel pinworms.

　　2, Sunflower seeds eaten raw, one handful each morning and evening, with half a cup of celery juice, taken for a month, is used to treat hypertension.

　　3, One sunflower flower calabash with the stem, decocted in water, mixed with honey and taken, is used to treat gastrointestinal hemorrhage, postpartum abdominal pain, and hernia pain.

　　4, One calabash with the stem, decocted in water, mixed with honey and taken, can reduce hypertension.

　　5, One calabash, roasted into charcoal and ground into powder, taken with yellow wine, 3 grams three times a day, is used to treat metrostaxis and postpartum dizziness.

　　6, The core of the sunflower flower, decocted frequently, is used to treat postpartum abdominal pain.

　　7, 30 grams of sunflower petals, cooked with rock sugar and taken, is used to treat cough.

　　8, 30 grams of sunflower petals and 30 grams of reed straw, decocted into a soup and taken frequently, is used to treat nephritis.

　　9, The dried petals of the sunflower, ground into powder, are taken on an empty stomach with warm wine, 6 grams each time, to treat leukorrhea.

　　10, The old sunflower stem, decocted in water, is used to treat elderly cough.

　　11, 60 grams of sunflower stalk, decocted into a soup and used to wash the vagina, is used to treat vaginal sores.

　　12, The white core inside the sunflower stem (i.e., the peeled stem), decocted in water; or roasted and ground into powder, taken 3 to 5 grams each time, twice or three times a day, with sugar water, is used to treat leukorrhea.

　　13, The marrow of the sunflower stem, burned to charcoal and ground into powder, mixed with sesame oil and applied evenly to the affected area, is used to treat mouth ulcers.

　　14, 30 grams of dried sunflower leaves (60 grams of fresh leaves), decocted in water, is used to treat hypertension.

　　15, One calabash of sunflower seed, two black eggs, and an appropriate amount of rock sugar are cooked into soup, eat the eggs and drink the soup; or 6 grams of sunflower seeds, peeled and ground, are taken with sugar water before bedtime to treat dizziness.

　　16, Baibu Xiangfeizi

　　Effect: Can expel the pinworms in the body.

　　Ingredients: 25 grams of Baibu, 25 grams of Xiangfeizi, 50 grams of white honey.

　　Preparation and administration: Put the Baibu into a pot, add a sufficient amount of clean water, boil the decoction, filter it, then add white honey to make a paste. Grind the Xiangfeizi into powder and mix it evenly with the paste. Take 1 tablespoon each time, three times a day, on an empty stomach before meals, and take it for a week consecutively.

　　Dysentery caused by pinworms: What to eat for health

　　1. For itching, eat amaranth, cabbage, rapeseed, taro, kelp, laver, chicken blood, snake meat, and pangolin.

　　2. Suitable for cooling blood and detoxifying foods. Mung beans, glutinous rice, cucumbers, bitter melon, portulaca, green tea, etc.

　　Thirdly, it is best not to eat certain foods for vulvar oxyuriasis

　　1. Avoid cold and raw foods.

　　2. Avoid spicy and刺激性 foods such as scallions, garlic, ginger, and cinnamon.

　　3. Avoid greasy, fried, moldy, and salted foods.

　　4. Avoid seafood and刺激性, allergenic foods when severe itching.

　　Firstly, traditional Chinese medicine treatment methods for vulvar oxyuriasis

　　1. General treatment:

　　Also aimed at killing worms.

　　(1) Curcuma powder: Roast the curcuma, grind it into powder, 0.9-1.2g per day per year, with a maximum dose of 8g, taken three times a day, for three consecutive days.

　　(2) Dimocarpus longan powder: Roast the Dimocarpus longan, grind it into powder, 1.2-1.5g per day per year, taken in three doses over three days.

　　The above two drugs can also be taken simultaneously for better effect, and other herbs such as magnolia bark and Chinese yam can also be taken.

　　2. Local treatment:

　　Pour prickly ash water and garlic liquid into the anal canal for local treatment, which can be combined with oral medication.

　　Secondly, Western medical treatment methods for vulvar oxyuriasis

　　1. Oral anthelmintics, aimed at killing worms.

　　(1) Pyrvinium pamoate (pyrvinium chloride, piperazine): 5-7.5mg/(kg?d), taken at bedtime, and then treated 2-3 times again after an interval of 2-3 weeks to prevent recurrence.

　　(2) Praziquantel: 50-60mg/(kg?d), taken twice orally, 1-1.2g per dose for adults, twice a day, for a total of 7-10 days.

　　(3) Albendazole, flubendazole, tetramizole, and thiabendazole are all effective in treatment.

　　2. Local medication

　　(1) After each defecation, wash the anal area and dry it. Apply 2% mercuric chloride mercury (white antimony) ointment, oxyuris ointment (containing 30% curcuma extract, 0.2% crystal violet) locally. Apply it again before going to bed to relieve itching and reduce self-infection.

　　(2) Before going to bed, squeeze the oxyuris ointment (containing 30% curcuma ointment and 0.2% crystal violet) into the anal canal, use it for 4-5 times, which can prevent the laying of eggs by oxyuris and prevent anal itching. It can also be used with 10% cnidium ointment or realgar curcuma ointment.

　　(3) Treat symptoms for those with secondary lesions.