it is now certain that androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) belongs to a sex-linked genetic disease, and it is believed that whether the lack of androgen receptor number or dysfunction is due to gene mutation, and they may be alleles. At least the following three mechanisms can lead to the occurrence of AIS:
1in normal circumstances, the action of androgen on target organs needs to rely on the sensitivity of target cells, and this sensitivity is expressed through the interaction between androgen and its receptor. Androgen receptor can not only bind to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) but also to testosterone (T) in the form of non-covalent bonds, with high affinity. Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone are the most biologically active steroids in androgens, essential for the development and normal physiological function of male accessory sex organs. If the receptors in the cell are lacking or in reduced number, it will inevitably affect the action of androgen. The cause of most CAIS and a few PAIS is the lack of androgen receptors.
2mutation of androgen receptor gene leading to functional abnormality in some patients although the number of androgen receptors is not significantly changed, there is a defect in receptor function, mainly reflected in the binding obstacle between androgen and receptor, which may be the obstacle to the activation or transformation of androgen receptor complex caused by gene mutation. Many researchers have used specific monoclonal antibodies and CDNA probes to analyze the androgen receptor gene of patients and confirmed that the molecular basis of androgen insensitivity syndrome is the mutation of androgen receptor gene.
3و}}5α-للبقاء على الاتصال بالخلايا المستهدفة تحتاج إلى الهرمونات الذكرية إلى اعتماد نوعين من البروتين، وهو مستقبلات الهرمون الذكري وال5α-الأنزيم.5α-تتحول الهرمونات الذكرية إلى هرمونات أكثر نشاطاً من خلال ارتباطها بمستقبلاتها، إذا كانت هذه الأنزيمات مفقودة أو غير نشطة، فإن ذلك يؤثر على تحويل الهرمونات الذكرية إلى هرمونات الديهيدروتستوستيرون.